Integrated Weed Management in Rice Wheat Cropping System

Dr. Ashok Kumarin Singh; Dr. Vinod Bahadur Singh; Acharya Narendra Dev

Dr. Ashok Kumarin Singh Assistant Professor, Dept. of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, Kotwa, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Vinod Bahadur Singh Subject Matter Specialist, (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Basti, Uttar Pradesh, India
Acharya Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India

Keywords: Integrated weed management, rice, wheat, system, cropping, methods, application

Abstract

Integrated Weed Management (IWM) means integrating multiple weed control tactics into a single weed management program, optimizing control of a particular weed problem. The past several decades have seen simplified weed control practices that rely heavily on a few popular herbicides. However, the rapid spread of herbicide-resistant weeds has required farmers to incorporate alternative weed management approaches. While many farmers are incorporating different herbicides, this is likely to have only short-term success. Using non-herbicide approaches in combination with multiple, effective sites of action is needed for long-term success. It might be better to first discuss why weed control is necessary. Weeds negatively impact crop yields, interfere with many crop production practices, and weed seeds can contaminate grain. Based on national research, corn and soybean yield can be reduced by approximately 50% without effective weed control.

Herbicide application is the main weed control strategy used. Reliance on this one method has led to the development of herbicide-resistant weeds. There are a limited number of herbicides available to use and cases of herbicide resistance are rapidly increasing in the US. As a result, herbicides are in need of extra help to continue to ensure adequate weed control.

IWM tactics span a wide range of options and complexity. Many IWM tactics can be integrated without substantial change to current management programs, while others require more extensive planning and implementation. Some options that are easier to implement include: equipment cleaning, timely scouting, altering herbicide tank mixes; while more extensive options include: changing crop rotation, cover cropping, changing tillage practices, and harvest time weed seed control.

The goal of IWM is to incorporate different methods of weed management into a combined effort to control weeds. Just as using the same herbicide again and again can lead to resistance, reliance on any one of the methods below over time can reduce its efficacy against weeds. Two major factors to consider when developing an IWM plan are (1) target weed species and (2) time, resources, and capabilities necessary to implement these tactics.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Klingman, G. C. (1961). Weed control: as a science. New York, London: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. Bleasdale, J. K. A.; Salter, Peter John (1 January 1991). The Complete Know and Grow Vegetables. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-286114-6.
3. "Control methods". Department of Agriculture and Food, Government of Western Australia. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
4. "Tagetes minuta Muster-John-Henry PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org.
5. "EVALUATION REPORT DECEMBER 2015 - Wildcare SPRATS volunteer weed eradication project". Tasmanian Parks and Wildlife Service. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
6. "Aquamogs". Retrieved November 22, 2018.
7. Vougioukas, Stavros G. (2019-05-03). "Agricultural Robotics". Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems. Annual Reviews. 2 (1): 365–392. doi:10.1146/annurev-control-053018-023617. ISSN 2573-5144. S2CID 242732172.
8. Research report of DLR Rheinlandpfalz, September 2010: Weed control in seed cultures, especially arugula, Author: Dr. Norbert Laun, Institute "Queckbrunnerhof", Schifferstadt (Germany). Viewed on 14. February 2011.
9. Stokstad, E. (2013). "The War Against Weeds Down Under". Science. 341 (6147): 734–736. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..734S. doi:10.1126/science.341.6147.734. PMID 23950526.
10. Richard Smith, W. Thomas Lanini, Mark Gaskell, Jeff Mitchell, Steven T. Koike, and Calvin Fouche (2000). "Weed Management for Organic Crops" (PDF). Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. p. 1. Retrieved 11 December 2015.
11. "HEMP AS WEED CONTROL". www.gametec.com. Retrieved 2008-07-09.
12. Ross, Merrill A.; Lembi, Carole A. (2008). Applied Weed Science: Including the Ecology and Management of Invasive Plants. Prentice Hall. p. 123. ISBN 978-0135028148.
13. Westerman, Paula R.; Liebman, Matt; Menalled, Fabián D.; Heggenstaller, Andrew H.; Hartzler, Robert G.; Dixon, Philip M. (June 2005). "Are many little hammers effective? Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) population dynamics in two- and four-year crop rotation systems". Weed Science. 53 (3): 382–392. doi:10.1614/WS-04-130R. ISSN 0043-1745. S2CID 86362489.
14. Bohan D.; et al. (2011). "National-scale regulation of the weed seedbank by carabid predators". Journal of Applied Ecology. 48 (4): 888–898. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02008.x.
15. "American Pastoral". Brown Alumni Monthly. Sep–Oct 2012.